History of Kyrgyzstan

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Introduction. For you to make a tour in our country it is better to get introduction of the history of Kyrgyzstan. And it is required to know that the history is rich and interesting, it covers the idea of the Kyrgyz being nomads in the past. As they were nomads they didn't build buildings, homes and castles, they were trying to preserve the nature. During tours in Kyrgyzstan you will be able to find out that the people used yurts as main dwellings. They can be taken apart and together. All the information was going orally from generation to generation by akyns and manaschi. Starting to travel in Kyrgyzstan you are given the opportunities of investigation of all the periods of the Kyrgyz history. At the same time the history of the Kyrgyz people is estimated to be about 2000 years old. We have prepared information about periods in the history of Kyrgyzstan and advise to investigate it before you start to travel in the country:

Prehistory (1 million years ago - 1 000 BC). The period of 1 million years ago - 1 000 BC is known as prehistory and identifies the time of development of culture and art of the people. Being in a  tour in Kyrgyzstan you are required to travel to Rock Art Gallery in Cholpon Ata and witness testimonies of the Bronze Age. While tours are made you can witness all 2000 images depicted on the walls. Here everyday activities are depicted, animals, and people, various petroglyphs.

Ancient History (1 000 BC - 300 AD). The time of 1 000 BC - 300 AD is identified as the ancient history of the Kyrgyz people. Mainly we can admit the idea that the history started in 201BC. During tours in Kyrgyzstan you will see that information about the Kyrgyz is given by Chinese investgators. So in the chronicle "Historical notes" the Kyrgyz are said to be one of the tribes who were trying to conquer the Hunnu. Then in the 1^st century BC in the Chinese chronicle Han-shu (History of Han) the Kyrgyz are described as the people of the Kyrgyz state which was located at the modern territory of Turkestan.

Turkic Era (500-1200). Turkic era is the time of 500-1200 and known to be the period of migrations of the people from the mountains of Altai to the territory of modern Kyrgyzstan. During tours in the country you will be able to get to know that there was the migration of the people of Turkic tribes and having found themselves at the territory of Central Asia they created the state. In the 7^th century there was found the information about the Kyrgyz people though during first six centuries there was nothing. It was the century when the Kyrgyz people created the state at the river Yenisei. And this empire was powerful during 9-10^th century at the following territories - from the Irtysh River in the west to the Big Khingan range in the east, from the Angara and Selenga Rivers in the north to the Gobi Desert in the south.

The Mongol Rule (1200-1400). Starting to travel in Kyrgyzstan you will be able to get to know the time of the Mongol rule, of 1200-1400. In the 13^th century there was invasion of the Mongols at the territory of the developed Turkic culture. In 1207 the Genghis Khan came and destroyed everything. In 12-15^th centuries the Kyrgyz people started to take the religion Islam, but still now we can meet shamans in the remote mountains.

Kyrgyz consolidation (1400-1800). Kyrgyz consolidation is known to be the time of 1400-1800. And in the 15^th century the Kyrgyz people started to move from south Siberia to Kyrgyzstan where you can travel now. But that time there was no any state of the Kyrgyz and they were trying to create a system of the united tribe with the only head, but failed. In the result we can see various tribes.

Russian Colonization (1770-1917). 1770-1917 is the time of the Russian Colonization, it is the time when the Kyrgyz tribes and regions were in danger and suffered from threats of their own tribes and from threats of China, Kokand and Kazakhs. The north of the country asked for help of the Russian Empire. The south was against and it was taken by force. In the result of the country being the part of the Empire there was the establishment of agricultural economy.

Soviet Rule (1917-1991). The period of 1917-1991 is known to be the time of the Soviet Rule when the Bolsheviks came and destroyed the already developed cultural and economic life of the country. They promised the absence of exploitation. In the result there was the development of educational and political spheres, cultural sphere and of course industrial. The country got the name of the autonomous republic. But it was also the time when everything was prohibited to believe in God and in the result there was mass murders from the point of view of Atheization, Collectivization and Cultural Revolution.

Independent Kyrgyzstan (since 1991). Since 1991 the country where you travel now started to be known as Independent Kyrgyzstan. In the course of a tour it is going to be possible to get to know that with the country starting to be independent there were established national attributes - flag, emblem and anthem. In 1992 the country started to be the part of the UN. In 1993 there was the establishment of the first Constitution. But during first years of independency it was dangerous to travel in the country as Kyrgyzstan was known to be the country of instability. In 2005 and 2010 there were two revolutions when people were asking for the government and presidents to leave their posts.